Nike Case Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nike Case Study - investigate Paper ExampleB all toldinger was passionate that a company should have a responsibility for its workers even if they are the lowest paid workforce of the company (Spar, 2002). Ballinger was assigned to monitor labor conditions in an Indonesian whole caboodle by overseas American companies because he considered that the reason for international companies to prepare a setup in poor countries is to exploit the low-wage labors. This has been true over years that big multinational companies have been shifting their trading operations to lower wage countries in order to reduce their production monetary value and collect more profits. The cost of production in America is double the cost of a product which is being manufactured in other countries (Locke, 2002). He claims that Nike has a policy that in order to produce cost effective products, they pace their workers and make them work longer hours than required. He believed that even though there were laws for protecting the labor rights, Nike incessantly fed the Indonesian government with bribe to overlook their part of misdeed. Ballinger accused Nike that they knew people were dependent on the company and would rarely leave the company, so they mistreated them to get more production with fewer necessities and solid food provided to the people. Ballinger had strength in his arguments because workers were in a bad situation and when they were interviewed by Ballinger, they agreed with the same (Connor, 2001). Nikes Response to Ballingers Allegations The first response from Nike was clear that their manager said Nikes not amenable for the actions of their independent contractors. Nike considered that they are not involved in any kind of activity in Indonesia and or so likely they would not be responsible for their act. However, Nike asked its public relation officer to draft a engrave of conduct for its independent contractors (Stoner, 2006). This code of conduct would then be sent to their new contractors in which all aspects of working conditions of labors, environment regulation and insurance of their workers were addressed. Nike wanted all of their suppliers and independent contractors to agree with all scathe that were specified before making any further deal. It was made mandatory that these suppliers would have to give their scripted consent of their honesty and non-discrimination (Spar, 2002). Nike hired an accounting firm Ernst & Young to conduct an audit of its overseas factories. Auditing would swear Nike with activities of their overseas factories and would identify their problems. But the problem started to mount and criticism had started to rise again with a great force. Nike denied any act of direct involvement in child labor activity and of worker exploitation. In Washington, Nike was the first company to join Apparel Industry Partnership (AIP) which was aimed to develop reformed labor standards in foreign factories. Nike also included a ne w department in its company which was known as Labor Practices Department which role was to monitor labor practices in premises of the factory (Spar, 2002). Recommendations Firstly, Nike should focus on improving its processes in their overseas factories by making strict guidelines and norms for their factories to follow. The company shall motivate their independent

Solar Thermal Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Solar Thermal Energy - Essay ExampleThe first component of a solar thermic system is the solar collector. This is usually installed on the rooftop. It represents the major component of the system. It is made up of specially coated tubing that absorbs the solar radiation and converts it into heat. There is a need to minimize thermal losses. This need is addressed by embedding the tubing in a heat-insulated container that is equipped with a transparent cover. internal this tubing, a heat transfer fluid flows inside and circulates between the collector and the hot water supply tank. This water is normally a mixture of water and an anti-freeze that is ecologically safe. The key part of the solar collector is the absorber, which comprises of several(prenominal) narrow metal strips. Typically, absorbers are made of aluminum or copper. These are good conductors of heat. These absorbers are a good deal black so as to enable a high period of light absorption. In array to reduce the loss of heat energy through heat emission, efficient absorbers have selective fold up coating which enables the conversion a substantial amount of solar radiation into heat. This also reduces heat emission. The degree of absorption that can be provided by usual coatings is about 90% (Solar-is-Future.com 1). Selective coatings can also be applied using galvanizing, and such coatings include black nickel, black chrome, and aluminum oxide with nickel. As such, in that respect are different types of solar collectors which include flat-plate collectors, parabolic collectors, and evacuated-tube collectors.

Throughout the Pacific islands, settler societies became increasingly Essay

Throughout the Pacific islands, settler societies became increasingly relate with issues of race and gender. Do you agree or disagree Justify your answer - Essay Example ahead long, France, the United States, Germany, and Britain had claims to one or several of the Pacific islands. Prior to the reaching of these explorers and settlers, the indigenous inhabitants of the islands had their rudimentary forms of refining and governance. It was far from similar to the colonial ways, but it was sufficient to maintain their society in relatively peace-loving coexistence with their fellow islanders.Early foreign contact with native inhabitants of the islands was with beachcombers. They had cordial and friendly relations with each other. other(a) explorers who later made contact with the natives had a different perception of the natives. They saw them as an uncivilized, unlearned, and un-Christianized group of savages. They were find out to change the culture of the indigenous inhabita nts. They wanted to teach them the right ways, which was--their way-the European way. The arrival of the settler communities in the Pacific marked the slow and gradual breakdown of the ancient ways and customs of the unique Pacific inhabitants. These settlers represented to the natives the loss of their rich land and resources, the loss of their population to diseases brought by the new settlers and the introduction of the whiten frontier woman. This essay discusses the Pacific island history focusing on the events of 19th Century colonialism which marked the arrival of the settler societies in the Pacific, the influence that these settlers had on the Pacific natives, and the eventual reactions of the natives to the settler communities.J.B. Thurston wrote that with all our highfalutin to the contrary, the wrongs we hasten committed in the names of Christianity, civilization, and progress are manifold. We are ... a race of robbers and spoilers. 1 The arrival of the settler societi es in the Pacific islands brought with it racial and ethnic tension. The cultures of these two societies were so diverse from each other that

Arabic Pop Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arabic Pop medicine - Essay ExampleThe music of the Arab ground is diverse and includes several types of genres ranging from the classical tradition to the erupt husbandry and from the sacred to the secular. While Arab music is an self-supporting style of music with a distinct sound, it has a capacious floor of interaction with incompatible styles and genres of music (Michigan Arab Orchestra, 2013). Pop music is extremely start outular in Arab world at present. In fact, Arabs were able to develop a unique genre Arabic Pop Music. Arabic pop music is popular in the Arab world since it is composed in Arabic language. Moreover, the composers of Arabic pop music consider the Arab cultural traits while composing it. Thus, Arabic pop music is more pleasant to Arab people than other types of pop music since it is composed in their own language. This paper analyses various dimensions of Arabic Pop music. Definition of Arabic Pop Music Arabic Pop music is the form of pop music in the Arab World. It includes several genres and styles of music ranging from pop music to classical music. It contains secular as rise as sacred music themes. Arabic music, while independent and very alive, has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres(Arabic music, 2013). Such interactions with other music styles caused the organic evolution of different music styles in the Arab world. The interactions with the pop music helped the Arab world to formulate Arab form of pop music which is know as Arabic Pop Music now. Arabic pop singersThe latter part of twentieth light speed and the beginning of the twenty first century wear witnessed many changes in the Arabic Pop Music. dope of unique styles and rhythms were used in Arabic Pop Music during this period. Some of the prominent musicians and singers who contributed heavily to the festering of Arabic Pop Music in recent times are Sabah, Warda Al-Jazairia, Magida El Roumi, Nawal El Kuwaiti, Latifa , Samira Said, Angham, Asalah Nasri, Thekra, Kadhem Al Saher, Amr Diab, Diana Haddad, Najwa Karam, Nawal Al Zoghbi, Ehab Tawfik, Hisham Abbas, Wael Kfoury, Amal Hijazi, Elissa, Nancy Ajram, Haifa Wehbe, Maria Tekdep, Aldo (musician) and Natacha Atlas(Arabic Music Overview, 2010). Origin and Development of Arabic Pop Music In the twentieth century, Egypt was the first in a series of Arab countries to experience a sudden emergence of nationalism, as it became independent after 2000 years of foreign happen. Turkish music, popular during the rule of the Ottoman Empire in the region, was replaced by national music. Cairo became a center for musical innovation (Arabic Music Overview, 2010). The 2000 years of foreign rule helped Egypt to get proper sense about foreign culture. In other words, the life styles, cultural traits and the behaviors of the foreigners have caused huge changes in traditionalistic Egyptian life styles. It should be noted that pop music was adept of the favorite musical forms for the foreigners, while they were ruling Egypt. As a result of that locals in Egypt got plenty of awareness about the pop music composing and they started to blend pop music with their local music. The outcome was the evolution of a new music form in Arab world Arabic Pop Music. Unlike traditional Arabic music, Arabic pop music composers started to compose music in a secular manner. The study theme of all traditional Arabic music was religion, customs and beliefs. However, the entry of pop music oblige Arabic musicians to change the traditional norms of

How Disney's Social Power Has Influenced the Vision of the American Essay

How Disneys genial Power Has Influenced the Vision of the American Dream - Essay Exampleis an interesting theme because this would provide an cortical potential on the power of digital media in bringing about a revolutionary change in the society on all levels. This research caters for the needs of the contemporary era which is primarily a digital age and will become even more so as a result of the go on technological advancement in the future.The intended audience that would be interested in this research or who might benefit from the results of this research includes but is not limited to digital media owners and stakeholders, writers, cinematographers, actors, directors, producers, and the youth of America. Besides, this research would as well as produce valuable results for the policy-makers and law-making bodies.Walt Disneys component part to the contemporary media has been widely recognized, acknowledged, and appreciated. Walt Disney made a lot of contribution to the flour sihment of entertainment world. rice paddy Mouse, one of the cartoon characters introduced by Walt Disney provided a stereotypical image of the everyday American. rice paddy Mouse was visualized as the alter-ego of Walt Disney (Mosley 148). The personality characteristics and traits idealized in the Americans including courage, bravery, persistence, and creativity were manifested in the character of Mickey Mouse. Subsequently, Minnie Mouse was introduced as the on-screen personification of the American Girl. Major scholars and theorists from the Hebdige to the Frankfurt School have explored Disneys imperialistic nature, most of them identifying the readers as passive uncritical consumers (Martins 2).This research would fill the gap in the literature by identifying the factors related to the social power of Walt Disney that have contributed to the contemporary visualization of the American Dream. The research question would and so be How Disneys social power has influenced the visi on of the American Dream?A detailed literature look backward will be carried out to identify the possible factors

Understanding of Augustine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Understanding of Augustine - render ExampleThe natural evil has no distinction with the human evil in the Gods treat custodyt of evil. Human blames God partly for the frequent evil due to the degree of freedom bestowed upon men by God. Rubenstein points out that its Gods failure to allow for the rise of evil especially during the final solution in Europe.The philosophical argument about the traffic pattern of the world and the maker of the world and due to the prevailing evils, it points out that there is flaw in both the design of the world and its designer, who is god. It expounds on the controversy of the creation of a holy, caring and righteous God in which evil also exist. Its difficult to compass the existence of a benevolent, omnipotent, omnipresent and omniscient God together with the evils on the cosmos (Abel, 72).Evil thusly presents many problems to the world. Its both difficult to argue and understand further the co-existence of Gods highness with evil on the same co smos. Also, the evil has presented serious mystery in its relationship to the designer and design of

Perception of quality of care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Perception of quality of care - search Paper ExampleTherefore, incentive payments or penalties to in patient of hospital care leave behind be ground partly on these results of these satisfaction surveys. The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) is a national survey that is standardize and publicly reported on patients perception of hospital care. HCAHPS is used as an peter to collect data in an organized manner (HCAHPS, 2012). The HCAHPS survey is administered to a random sample of hospitalized patients surrounded by 2 days and 1 months after discharge.The purpose of this study is to evaluate if keeps perceive the HCAHPS scores to be an accurate instrument in capturing the quality of patient care. Also, the police detective will review what variables affect patient satisfaction in the hospital setting as well as look at the supports point of view on quality of care.The participants in the proposed study will include nurses that execute on the telemetry, medical surgical, progressive cardiac unit, clinical transition unit, PACU and surgical recovery unit. Years of buzz off will range from novice to expert nurse, which includes one month to 25 or more years of nursing experience. Male and female nurse will both be given opportunity to transact the survey. A diversity of nurses work for the current hospital and so the demographic details will be obtained during the survey. Clinical Nurses at this facility education level range from diploma to MSN prompt nurses. Many of the associated prepared nurses are currently in school studying for their BSN. The research anticipates at least 50 nurses to accede in the study with 30 participants being randomly picked.Inclusion criteria will be any nurse with a least one month of experience that has discharged a patient to home. Exclusion will be nurse that dont work in a clinical setting, have little than one month of experience or have never discharged a patient to home. T he researcher has an eight year work

The Six Principles of Political Realism' by Hans Morgenthau Term Paper

The Six Principles of Political Realism by Hans Morgenthau - Term idea ExampleMorgenthau has been criticised by m both on the basis of his indistinct use of language and unsatisfactory scientific rigor, however his successive revisions and updates resulted in the Six principles of political realm in the 1954 revision (Scheuerman). The principles depict Morgenthaus own political struggle and insight and they generate been used by most of the international scholars to hound the international politics since 1945. Morgenthau states in his first principle, Political realism believes that politics, like society in general, is governed by objective laws that have their roots in human nature (Morgenthau). Morgenthau highlights that human nature does non diversify regardless of any attempts made to impose laws or policies against the human preferences. International politics can be applied only after the facts have been time-tested by rationale and reasoning. Otherwise they would be rej ected by the laws of nature itself. For a possible action to be accepted in reality, it has to contain both ascertaining facts which argon given meaning through reason. Political power is explained as a psychological relation among those who exercise it and those over whom it is exercised (Scheuerman). To understand the objective laws of politics it is important to study the history of human relations, as it is the fundamental base of the political facts and policies. The theory of politics h sometime(a)s its roots in human nature and thus the laws of human nature apply to the political laws as well. Morgenthau states, Hence, novelty is not necessarily a fair play in political theory, nor is old age a defect. Morgenthau elaborates that human nature has not exhibited any change of behaviour with the passage of time and similarly the laws of politics are not subjected to get come forward dated or obso permite only because they are old and ancient. Only the notion, that a theory w as unquestionable hundreds of years ago does not alter its credibility or integrity. As in human nature, old age is not a defect political theories are not subjected to presumptions of being outmoded. Conversely, an innovative theory cannot be accepted only on the grounds of its newness or modernization. It is because of these aspects of the political theory that it has to be tested irrespective of it being outmoded or innovative. A theory of politics must be subjected to the duple test of reason and experience (Morgenthau). The dual test is of both reasoning and experience. For realism, a theory cannot be rejected merely on the basis that it is old without presenting rationale and reasoning. Inability to do so would be only an example of modernistic prejudice. Hence, a foreign policy can only be labelled as acceptable when its ability to perform political acts as well as the predictable consequences have been determined and tested. Morgenthau establishes that there is one morali ty for the private sphere and a very different and founder one for the public sphere. The political ethics and private ethics are not similar and they should not be reduced into one another. He states, Yet while the individual has a moral salutary to sacrifice himself in defence of such a moral principle, the state has no right to let its moral disapprobation of the infringement of liberty get in the way of successful political action, itself elysian by the moral principle of national survival. For example, if a ruler operated in accordance with Christian private ethics and would not agree in many ways to other political rivals as they cannot be counted on to operate in same Christian way (Jackson and Sorensen 73,74). This mergence of the two ethics would troika to a disaster

Quality in Service Organisations (Organisational Management) Essay

Quality in returns Organisations (Organisational Management) - Essay ExampleIt is based on the total experience of the client with the organization including all levels and categories of stave and its systems. It is based on the customers perceptions of the organizational values, briefs and guiding principles. In case of products, it involves not only meeting the customer needs but also a commitment to make the customer successful in his field of operations and give him a feeling of joy and happiness in dealing with the supplier. For internal customers, it provides for satisfaction between departments based on the agreement on coordinated measures to be taken for up gradation f fibre. In short, it focuses on all functions and emphasis that total quality is a company wide effort to improve all departments. What did not seem obvious in first instance, is that quality is not always about big improvements. It is the focus on little things that egress in service. Elephants dont bite it is the black flies that get us (Ahluwalia, 2003).Chickeeduck was established in 1990. The company at its inception recognized the need for quality childrens wear at a reasonable price and set about to fill that niche in the market. Chickeeduck markets a full crease of childrens wear and accessories catering for new born babies, toddlers and children up to 14 years old, covering such items as basic t-shirts, sweaters, outerwear, underwear, gloves, bibs, baby blankets and baby sleeping bags ( Chickeeduck, PDF).Chickeeduck is Hong Kongs biggest independent childrens retailer operational 25 shops in the most prestigious shopping malls in triple A locations. Chickeeduck has a dour association with regional centres having operated outlets in Singapore and Indonesia for some years. More recently the company has expanded both(prenominal) through its own outlets and franchises into Korea, Saudi Arabia, Macau and potentially its biggest market China, increasing its total number

Contemporary Video Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Contemporary Video Art - try ExampleLynda Benglis is an eminent sculptor who produced many video presentations in the mid 1970s. Her main theme is womanly sexuality and identity. The interest and presence in her sculptural work using metaphorical, biomorphic shapes finds its way into her self-reflexive, investigative videos. The upshot matter of 1970s womens liberationist video was personal. Bengliss video work confronts issues raised by feminist theory, including the representation of women, the role of the spectator, and female sexuality. Benglis also engages the emergent practice of video in an incisive treatment on the production of the moving image. The art of the process is thus captured within the work itself even as the question of self is investigated. Benglis negotiates a personal space for herself, maintaining a deliberate distance from the medium. Using her declare body and creating multiples of her images. She interrogates the relation of the self to the bodyfocusin g on the interface between our inner and outer(prenominal) realities. With Benglis standing in front of a photograph of herself, which is then affixed to a monitor heraldic bearing her image, the notion of original is complicated. Bengliss work takes on another layer of meaning. Her video, Document (1972), suggests the impotence of media to accurately copy her, her image and herself. She, as the object of our gaze, never allows a static full-face pose on the screen. Bengliss use of the replicated image in photography and video, both in and on the TV, is a grade reveal.

Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 21

2 - Assignment congresswomanThe manner in which Kelleher believes employees should be addressed in an organization is in line with Lencionis quote. Lencioni connotes that when employees receive they are not being cared, they feel they have a miserable labor. Employees need to be cared for and comprehended for them to perform in the workplace. As per Kelleher, employees should be valued as individuals and not as workers. An organization should stiff up employee services and professional care department so as to help them in the workplace. interrogation reveals that managers connection with employees gives them a better feeling of belonging and worth. Communication with employees is an aspect that Kelleher emphasizes in his management. This is an indication that he was a successful leader at Southwest. Lencioni also accentuates the same aspect, by suggesting that managers connection with employees help them batch the precise significance of their jobs to others.The leadershiphip style of Ms. Mayer is one can learn that she is an inspiring leader. Mayer invites the employees to facilitate the twist of the organizations brand. Mayer emphasizes on the employees interactions as a way of providing them with an opportunity to generate ideas. As a leader, Mayer believes in employees physical contacts and interaction in the workplace that is why when appointed as the new hick CEO, reporting to the office was of paramount significance to her.The rationale for using the books The Three Signs of a Miserable job and The Influencer, it that it helps in the understanding of the job dissatisfaction and its root causes. The books are also relevant in the sense that it identifies how leaders can aid their employees become satisfied with the job through communication and understanding of the importance of their job. From the books, a leader can learn the significance of communication with its employees. The

Inter national trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Inter national heap - Essay ExampleInternational business deal is in principle not different from domestic profession as the motivation and the behavior of parties involved in a plenty do not flip-flop fundamentally regardless of whether trade is across a border or not. The main difference is that cosmea-wide trade is typically more costly than domestic trade. (Cited from Wikipedia) The reason is that a border typically imposes additional costs much(prenominal) as tariffs, time costs due to border delays and costs associated with country differences such as language, the legal system or culture. Another difference between domestic and international trade is that factors of exertion such as capital and labor are typically more mobile indoors a country than across countries. Thus international trade is mostly restricted to trade in goods and services, and only to a lesser extent to trade in capital, labor or other factors of labor. (Cited from Wikipedia)Then trade in goods a nd services can serve as a substitute for trade in factors of production. mind 1 The table obtained from the World Trade Organization in 2010, showed International Trade Statistics-Growth in the meretriciousness of world merchandise exports and production 2000-2007. The percentage for world merchandise exports during 2005-2007 was fluctuative, with the highest egression recorded in 2006. awkward products started off steadily but suffered a decline in 2007. Fuels and Mining Products were consistent in its addition over that same period. Manufacturers showed its highest growth in 2006, whilst world merchandise production was consistent but showed a marginal growing in 2007. Agriculture was fluctuating similarly to Mining which suffered a nil growth in 2007. Manufacturing was consistent until its marginal increase in 2007. Lastly, the World GDP got a marginal increase over the last two years. Four factors which may have contributed in the growth in world exports include Industria lization, advanced transportation, globalization and multinational corporations . Industrialization may be defined as the wait on in which a troupe or a country transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services. Individual manual labor is replaced by mechanized mass production and craftsmen are replaced by assembly lines. (Industrialization, Anon, 2011) Characteristics of industrialization include the use of technological innovation to maximize production efficiency in order to increase economic growth. The growth of the amount of freight being traded as well as a great variety of origins and destinations promotes the importance of international transportation as a fundamental element supporting the global economy. Economic development in Pacific Asia and in chinaware in particular, has been the dominant factor behind the growth of international transportation in recent years. Since the barter distances involved are often considerable, this has resulted in increasing demands on the maritime shipping industry and on port activities. International transportation systems have been under increasing pressures to support additional demands in freights book of account and the distance at which this freight is being carried. This could not have occurred without considerable technical improvements permitting to transport bigger quantities of passengers and freight, and this

Position paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Position paper - Essay ExampleHowever, the Republicans were not admit their devil and they demand for the recount of votes. Tilden had attained 184 votes that was less than that what is required to get success, whereas the Hayes got only 165 votes. An electoral Commission was composed of 5 senators, 5 representatives, and 5 justices of Supreme Court 8 of which were Republicans and 7 of which were Democrats. The bearing awarded the Presidency to Hayes (Ralph, 5). Infuriated by this decision, Democrats threatened to block Hayes inauguration. A compromise was staged in February between Democrats and Republicans over the matter. In exchange for Hayes to become President, the Republicans assured to be more apposite with money for Southern internal improvements, to allow a Southerner to Hayess cabinet, and to pursue a policy of noninterference in southern affairsThe election of 1876 was one of the most controversial presidential elections in the explanation of the United States of Am erica, second only to that of 2001. The result, and subsequent effects, of the election are the main reason why the division 1876 was the last time for nearly a century that states of the south voted Republican. The issue at hand to bear on Reconstruction, or not to continue Reconstruction, that was the question.Southern Military Reconstruction had dwindled considerably over the years later on 1869 by the time of the 1876 election, only Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida were occupied (Guttman, 67). Once the troops had been removed from the other once-Confederate states, however, the biracial Republican state governments that had been established under reconstruction soon collapsed and were replaced by white-only (non-sympathetic for freedmen and poor white) democratic administrations.Into this speckle entered the two presidential candidates, Samuel Tilden and Rutherford Hayes. The first results on Election Day indicated a clear victory for the

Property in South Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Property in South Korea - Essay ExampleAn investment requires a medium of rally and that is usually money. Money is a deteriorating asset in itself and loses foster constantly. It is, for this reason, it is exchanged for property which is expected to guard its look upon. Here is the fallacy that in fact, property achieves a higher(prenominal)er value on the fall of the value of money, or rather its purchasing power. Therefore the value of the property is sum upd due to the fall of the value of money. It is illogical to believe that property has obtained a higher value. But such is the force of the human headway that this has become an accepted belief.The main reason for this belief lies in another fact that due to the constant expansion of markets the needs of the people increases. While the money supply can be expanded, the supply of natural property remains the same. This mismatch is the real reason why property prices increase due to increase in demand.Morgan Stanley has decided on an astonishing investment in the commercial property previously owned by Daewoo. It has bid a hand slightly amount of $ 1 billion for this office tower set(p) near the railway station in Seoul, S. Korea. The demand for quality space located in charge business districts is increasing and existing land parcels are extremely difficult to consolidate, leading to unimagined high prices. This deal is no big surprise as Morgan Stanley has a large portfolio of property investments of even larger figures, and has the intention to acquire more properties around the world for its valued clients.The movement of economic liberalization that commenced some thirty years ago is now maturing and covering vast areas and countries, previously considered under-developed, are fast genetic on to this progress. This has had multiple effects all around the world.International barriers to trade, movement, and communication are being removed(p) or eased to facilitate free movement of capital and human resources.

Week4 report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week4 report - Essay ExampleI performed the task of balancing the clearing checks which are deposited in the accounts of the customer. Moreover, I had to deal with the rejected checks which were drawn on the local banks accounts (Parker 48).I learned numerous unexampled skills in the past 30 hours such as, I learned to make use of appropriate expression and be positive eyepatch communicating with others. I was able to be ductile enough to make up according to the need of work and the requirements of dealing with the customer. I am able to be tranquillize and uncomplaining along with being polite to the customers. I learned to be able to keep the customers information cloak-and-dagger and to maintain their privacy according to the policy. I have been able to be careful and attentive approximately the single details and their accuracy. Most importantly in this work experience, I have learned from my mistakes and discover many ways to work out of difficult situations and in di fferent conditions (Fitch 50).I have follow the troubleshooting skills while facing some problems and handled them during training in the last 30 hours. The problems I encountered made me flexible and enabled me to find out their solutions accordingly. In the fourth week, the problem was that the workers were too busy because of upcoming Eid vacation. Therefore, it was difficult for me to perfect(a) my training as there was lesser time. I resolved this issue by being calm and followed the workers patiently. I also took help from the detailed papers to get an idea of the new tasks.Secondly a problem occurred when I forgot to write the customers phone number on the check while depositing that could cause trouble in rechecking if any error would be detected in depositing. I sustain the customers account for the contact number with the help of a worker and then I wrote it on the check.Another problem I faced was that according to the bank policies a check cannot be deposited after 12 00 P.M., that I solved by explaining the customer our

Leadership, Team Building and Communication at Apple Inc Essay

Leadership, Team Building and conversation at apple Inc - Essay ExampleThe essay Leadership, Team Building and Communication at Apple Inc overviews the leadership, team building and communication strategies at Apple Inc, one of the top organizations, which are involving many becomeers who work in different teams. As the time passes, many things and concepts are modified according to the situation. Same is the object lesson with the leadership style and theories. Leadership theories are modified according to the need of the hour. Tradition aloney there were attribute leadership model, behavioral leadership, and the situational leadership theories. Then there comes a difference in the thought posture of leaders and the organizations. The contemporary theories include transactional leadership, trans figureational leadership, and the charismatic leadership. In the 21st century, there are many cutting concepts, which are emerging according to the situation and the issues, which any leader may face. This includes expansive leadership, emotional apprehension and the system thinking from the leader perspective. Different types of powers can be classified based on social communication. This interpersonal power actually assists people and very much helpful for the people who are in leadership positions. Expert power, legitimate power, referent power and the most important information power, these are all kinds of interpersonal powers which actually help any leader. When two or more persons work anywhere, in the form of a team or a group, then the occurrence of conflicts is a common matter of fact.

Development During Early Adolescence Essay Example for Free

Development During Early Adolescence EssayCan these changes have a significant impaction on a innovation of educational outcomes of identity, goodity, transitional stages, pay offning of puberty and the full commitment to an boastful brotherly role, and sexual maturity? Hence, because of the potential impact of these changes, it is important to understand the cycles of teens. Life has store legion(predicate) surprises for us as we develop throughout our whole smell span. Developmental stages ar the progress that occurs in humans from the time they ar born until they grow old and die. Originally beginning with infants and sisterren, phylogeny leave alone subsequently progress into adolescence, followed by adult, and lastly elderly. The maturation occurs in many fields, namely physical, perceptual, cognitive, moral and social. Derived from the Latin verb adolescere (to grow into maturity), adolescence is the period of transition from nipperhood to adulthood. Adol escent is a distinct and dynamic phase of development in the life of an individual. It is a period of transition from clawhood to adulthood and is characterized by spurts of physical, mental, emotional and social development.Who considers adolescence to be the period between 10-19 years of age, which generally encompasses the time from the beginning of puberty to the full wakeless age. The early adolescent developmental period is when individuals experience many changes, including the biological changes associated with puberty, important changes in dealings with family and consorts, and the social and educational changes related to transition from elementary to middle school (Wigfield, Byrnes, Eccles, 2002). The biological changes that occur at early adolescence are dramatic, as anyone functional with this age group knows (Susman Rogel, 2004).Pubertal developments, the timings of puberty is quite polar for girls and boys girls enter puberty approximately 18 months before boy s do, which means that during early adolescence, girls mature faster. Adolescence can be prolonged, brief, or practically nonexistent, depending on the culture of their society. Adolescence is somewhere between nipperhood and adulthood. It is also the period of life between the beginning of puberty and the full commitment to an adult social role, such as role player or parent. It is filled with constant change, uncertainty, only if it can be wonderful and full of expectation.Everything a child learned to debate is suddenly challenged. One day you are a cute child that everybody seemed to adore, and the succeeding(a) day your skin and body are changing. Adolescence is a challenging period for both children and their parents. Three stages of adolescence early, middle, and late, are experienced by approximately teens, but the age at which each stage is reached varies greatly from child to child. These different rates of maturation are connected to physical development and hormone balance, neither of which the child can control.For this reason, adolescents should be treated as individuals and any guidelines should be modified to the particular child. It is very common land to come across mood swings in this stage of development. Gene Roland Medinnus and Ronald C. Johnson state that during adolescence, children develop the ability to flock abstract ideas, such as higher math concepts, and develop moral philosophies, including rights and privileges Establish and importanttain straight relationships by learning to share intimacy without feeling worried or inhibited. Move toward a more mature sense of themselves and their purpose Question old values without losing their identity Adolescence begins when signs of sexual maturity begin to occur in both physical and social development and ends when the individual assumes adult roles and is concerned in most shipway as an adult by his reference group. Female friendships are one of the most important dimensio ns of an adolescent girls life. Peer relationships and friendships are critical in the developing adolescents identity, behaviors, and overall health.These peer connections influence all areas of development including emotional, physical, spiritual, social, and cognitive. The movie Mean Girls addresses social behaviors and experiences that are common in female peer relationships throughout the adolescent years. Mean Girls has brought attention to girls mean behaviors and portrays a dark side of female peer relationships, in which girls act as bullies and use relationships to express resentment or power through rumors, exclusion, secrets, or gossip.This movie shows the significant role that female peer relationships play. The functions of peer relationships in adolescence are to help support adolescents at a time when they are challenged with many impertinent experiences, to encourage the development of emotional autonomy, to enable teens to form deeper forms of intimacy that will be needed in adulthood, and to improve social skills. Positive peer relationships cause less anxiety and depression in adolescents where as negative peer relationships may place an individual at risk for maladjustment.Adolescents who are generally disliked, aggressive, degenerate and can non establish themselves in the peer culture are developmentally at risk. Having friends and peer acceptance are generally related to school competence, higher self-esteem, and better adjustments. Adolescence is a transitional stage of human development that occurs between childhood and adulthood. Teenagers (ages 13-19 years) are usually adolescent, though in some individual, puberty may conclusion a few years beyond the teenage years, and in some individuals puberty begins in the pre-teen years.Because adolescents are experiencing various strong cognitive and physical changes, for the first time in their lives they may start to view their friends, their peer group, as more important and influenti al than their parents. The American Heritage Dictionary defines the word noesis as the mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, think and judgment (Cognition). Because of peer embrace, they may sometimes indulge in activities not deemed socially acceptable. What is Peer Pressure?Peer pressure is the social pressure from friends or other people to accept certain beliefs or act in certain ways in order to be accepted. How and wherefore do we get peers pressure? Everyone gives into peer pressure at one time or another, but why do people sometimes do things they didnt indispensableness to do? Here are a few reasons. They are afraid of being jilted by others, want to be like and dont want to lose a friend, want to appear grown up, dont want to be made fun of, friends have a big influence on our lives, but sometimes they push us to do things we may not want to do.The first step to standing up to peer pressure is to understand it. The four main type s of peer pressure is 1. Rejection threatening to end a friendship or relationship. This pressure can be hard to resist as nobody wants to lose friends. 2. Reasoning telling a person reasons why they should try something or why it would be okay if they did it i. e. your parents would never find out. Identity is made of what drives an individual, the abilities they have, what they believe, and their individualized history (Marcia, 1980). Identity is one of the main struggles in an adolescents life.It is very important that children bear the proper guidance while entering their adolescence from their parents and peers. Although they like to believe that they are capable of developing on their own, adolescents need parental guidance to develop their path of identity development. The relationship between a child and a parent plays an important role with an adolescent and his or her decisions about sex. (Chapman, Werner-Wilson 2008). Morality can be defined as the distinction betwee n what is right and wrong or what is good and bad.Although, moral reasoning depends on culture which akes it difficult to define most people dont look at where these principles are coming from or what guides one through moral development. As children grow and learn, usually from explosive charge takers and people who inspire their every need, their morality changes based on several levels. Although researching of moral development goes as far back as Socrates, there are two psychologists that studied morality in astuteness and they are Lawrence Kohlberg and Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget was a cognitive developmental psychologist spending most of his time working with children and adolescents, including his own.Although, Piagets observation of moral development wasnt in depth like Kohlberg, he allowed for a basic understanding. He believed that moral development occurred in stages. Piaget strongly believed in education and thought fundamental interaction in an education setting allowed children maximum potential in cognitive development. Piaget believed in many things, but when it came to moral development there were only two basic principles. The first principle was that children develop moral ideas in stages and could not skip stages, although movement from one stage to the other could vary in length. last he believed that children create their own perception of their world, including whether their actions enforce what is morally right or wrong. Piagets ideas of moral naturalism and morality of cooperation play a role in Kohlbergs theory. Children in Piagets stage of moral realism believe that rules are absolute and cant be changed. Punishment should be determined by how much legal injury is done, and the intention of the child is not taken into account. A child has many milestones to reach through adolescence. The winner of these milestones depends on normal development. Milestones can be challenging regardless of age and size.However, some children experienc e supernormal development and also delays. Detecting signs of abnormal development in certain age groups requires an understanding of development milestones. There for this leads us to the major physical, cognitive, self made motivational experience of adolescents that are a variety of developmental outcomes of identity, morality, transitional stages, beginnings of puberty and the full commitment to an adult social role, and sexual maturity.

In the Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway Essay Example for Free

In the Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway EssayIn the Sun Also Rises, by Ernest Hemingway, alcoholism is an important theme in the novel. intoxication is a large part of Ernest Hemingways novel The Sun Also Rises. Drinking is the greatest news leak that the characters use up and the author employs it very often in the novel. All throughout the novel, the characters are deglutition excessively. They use drinking to also help prove themselves. Because of Jakes war wound made him physically unable, he feels that he must prove himself to people so he uses drinking to prove himself. Jake also uses wine to forget the things that he doesnt like about his friends such as the fight between rice paddy and Cohn, when Mike was mad that Cohn is always looking at Brett and holding in to her everywhere she goes. There was ofttimes wine and ignored tension, and a feeling of things coming that you could not prevent happening. Under the wine I lost the disgusted feeling and was happy. It see med that they were all such nice people (Hemingway 150).In reality, all that drinking does is to give them nighthing in common so that they can relate to one another in some parts of their lives. They are always drinking together and talking about their life difficulties. Often, drinking provides a way of escaping reality and allows them to avoid their problems by avoid thinking about them. In conclusion, in Hemingways the Sun Also Rises, it is clear that alcohol dependency is a main theme.

War on Drugs and Prison Overcrowding Analysis Essay Example for Free

War on Drugs and Prison Overcrowding Analysis EssayThe war on drugs is not just a catch phrase it is a current way of life for everyone mingled in our criminal legal expert system. It does not mean the elimination of drugs, nor is it about decreasing drug intention or drug supplies. It is just about control and money, thus leading to higher prison place and overcrowding. There are millions of offenders who are being caught, arrested and jailed based on mandatory minimal sentencing for distributively particular state. Whether they have a drug related charge, or a crime related charge, these minimum sentencings are providing profits to more privatized prison corporations where everyone in society plays a particular role. Advocates of social justice might be concerned with incarceration rates that show racial differences while the financially unprogressive taxpayer would be worried about the be (The Cost of a Nation of Incarceration, 2012).It is apparent that our states leg islature need new ideas and solutions in order to prevail, considering that they have the ability to make or break policy changes. The causes of what makes up our Ameri provide prison system are known, however there arent many solutions for decreasing the appeals being placed on our nations taxpayers. This writer has come up with three viable solutions to this answer. The first solution is to release first time and or non- idle offenders on the basis that they will dispense a reasonable amount of time conducting community service. This idea can shorten prison sentences as well as the costs. The second solution is to shorten or lower sentences for less severe violent crimes so that the offender doesnt become a long term prisoner or lifer. The trio solution is to transfer inmates with mental illnesses over to a reasonable mental health institute. By implementing these solutions we can see a decrease in the prison population with hardly any extra cost to us, the tax payers.

Mining Rare Earth Metals Essay Example for Free

Mining out of date Earth Metals EssayI believe that Canada should be problematical in the r ar earth metals tap industry. Rare earth metals are an essential part of everyday modern life (and of growing importance). They are used from everything from cell phones to environmentally friendly technologies such as wind turbines and hybrid engines.The mining of these metals would tolerate umpteen benefits to Canada. It makes great economic sense because right now China is a supply and take on crisis so they are exporting less metal every year. If Canada were to enter the mining not solely would it create thousands of jobs in one area where unemployment is a little bit of a problem precisely we could also pick up the slack of Chinas export problem and make billions. Besides the obvious economic implications, I believe that mining these metals cold have serious political and environmental benefits for us. China uses austere chemical to melt the earth around it, which could pot entially leave a lasting impression on the surrounding area and any ve overtakeation that might grow there in the future. So if Canada were to tap these metals I think we would be more respectful of the landscape.In todays society cut your environmental footprint is huge and in terms of rare earth metals there are many ways in which we heap reduce our own. It starts by properly recycling our reusable electronics so the metals can be extracted or re used. Other ways would be to buy used electronics and not get every new gadget that comew out so there is less of a demand for the mining of rare earth metals.Given the pros of mining and the fact that they outweigh the cons, I believe that Canada should be involved in rare earth metals mining.

Argumentative Essay Essay Example for Free

Argumentative Essay EssayGovernments should be more involved in citizens diets Modern age supermarkets selling off the shelve foods are normal nowadays. Unfortunately the knowledge of what is legal and what is not had been effected by this. People should be better educated on what is wholesome and what is not. healthier diets turn over healthier citizens and healthier citizens entrust save a lot of money in health care, bad diets do cause expensive health problems. Although it is general knowledge that sunburnt products are cheaper than healthy products, it is not general knowledge that products claiming to be healthy are usually full of harmful and unhealthy ingredients. It is time the government steps in to protect the population.Firstly, health problems caused by bad, unhealthy diets weigh intemperately on health care expenses. Several population-based prevention policies can be expected to generate warm health gains while entirely or largely paying for themselves thr ough future reductions of health-care expenditures according to The lance (Cecchini et al., 2010). Just by eating healthier a reduction will be made possible, this only should be reason rich for a government to get more involvedSecondly, people will be stimulated to choose healthier products when prices for unhealthy products will be raised. The current situation is meet the other way around. The healthier choice is more expensive. With proper nutrition and regular exercise, you can slim down the costs of health insurance premiums, the amount you spend on medicines and the number of co-pays for doctor visits according to Livestrong (Ellyn 2011). save true this may be, as long as healthier products cost more instead of less(prenominal) people will be inclined to buy more unhealthy products.Thirdly, in order to make the healthier decision, information about unhealthy ingredients should be clearer and more visible. Reading food labels is strangely enough rather difficult, excelle nt vision and extensive knowledge on what the ingredients mean are necessary to represent the labels. It makes it easier to compare similar foods to see which is a healthier choice according to the Mayo Clinic (2012), however easier to visualize labelling, easier to read labelling will enable more people to making that choice.In conclusion, if governments decide to invest in educating the population it will enable and stimulate citizens to make healthier choices. In order to reach this purpose the government should demand clearer and more visible information on products concerning the ingredients put a fairer price on healthier products.

Historical and cultural context Essay Example for Free

Historical and cultural context Essay every last(predicate) three of these stories create impertinent but similar atmospheres. Three similarities that these stories have is that they any took trust close to the 1880s/1890s, solely three stories in the beginning al airs take place at 221B Baker Street, and all three stories seem to take place in and out of Victorian London. The mystery of The Red-Headed League takes place mainly around Victorian London and is described as very busy, crowded and swarming full of pedestrians. on that point argon references to carriages, cellars and lanterns throughout the story so this will give you an image of the kind of atmosphere to expect. The way London is described it will probably strike people as it being old make if you compargon it from then and now when read. The value of money was different from then and now. In The Red-Headed League i 4 a week is seemed to be an awful lot, because most people in those days would by chance make t hat in a month or two. The story shows conflict between rich and scummy people. The Blue Carbuncle is set in a few places around London, and has references to old buildings and carriages when Holmes and Watson are in the explore of the goose.The background for all these stories reflects London of a hundred years ago. This was when forty percent of the population were servants. The law as you would notice belonged to lower social class and were poorly thought of at the time because of the inefficiency and corruption. other feature in contrast to today is that the trains unendingly seem to run on time, carriages are always there when needed and Holmes and Watson are never delayed by the traffic.The structures between all three stories do not seem to be all that different. All three stories have unusual and strange titles (The specked Band, The Red-Headed League, and The Blue Carbuncle) that intrigue the reader. The title gives you an idea to what the story will be about. They al l have provoke openings, because they all start at 221B Baker Street with Holmes sitting down talking to a strange and mysterious person with Watson interrupting for the case to be retold and explained to us readers.When a new a new theatrical role is introduced it grabs the readers attention wanting to find out to a greater extent so they keep on reading. In the beginnings of all three stories whenever Holmes is interrupted by Watson the new character will explain the case again so that Holmes will start to observe the person and make mental notes about him/her. Holmes is able to find clues fitting from the person and the clues are used to build up tension so that Holmes can make deductions.thither are often flashbacks from the new character to give a history of them that will obviously be linked to the mystery. The dramatic ending for The Speckled Band was danger but justice was done as the villain had got what was coming to him. In The Red-Headed League the dramatic ending wa s that justice was done as the criminals were arrested and the dramatic ending for The Blue Carbuncle was not danger and nor was it justice done because the character had owned up to his erroneous belief and said he had punishment enough.The points in short story structure (how the writer puts the text together) are as follows Paragraph structure which is how the meaning is revealed from sentence, record book structure which might affect the reader if the book is split into chapters, with manner of speaking of implications and what is left unsaid, through the narrator which is how the story is told and with imagery which is how the emotions and scenes are built up.The linguistic communication which is used for all three stories is quite old fashioned. The words and sentences seem conf development as they are not what we use today. For example instead of Holmes said like we would say now it is said he. The language is very different but understandable. The stories use old fashion words like dog cart, would fain, forceps, whimsical, commissionaire, billycock, labyrinth, unimpeachable, deduce, inferences, anticipation etc.The stories all give detailed descriptions for unusual objects, new strange characters and peculiar places by using similes and metaphors. Holmes and Watson both in the three stories use many similes and metaphors to give us descriptions of things. The dialogue is shown by Watson as he asks all the questions the reader wants to ask, and when Holmes impatiently explains what to him is obvious, Watson is acting on our behalf. The story gets retold just for us with more detailed language and more explanations.

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degage Will EssayVilayandur S. Ramachandran came from a distinguished family in Tamil Nadu, India, and was neuroscientist, which is a field of study encompassing the various scientific disciplines dealing with the nervous system. Ramachandrans views on the wizard and how it change by reversals are discussed in his work The New Philosophy. In his essay he discusses the nature of sensibleness, discussing the effects of certain mental states and their square up on the body and the brain. One of his main topics, however, is the Ramachandrans view of excuse depart. He suggest that neuroscience intersects with philosophy because the motility of vacate will has been a philosophical problem for hundreds of years and more (Jacobus 569). He discusses the significance of the brain imaging that shows a homework potential and what it in truth means to hurl a absolve will. with his essay, though, it is interesting to point out where religion and the Nazareneianity stands on th e issue of free will and whether Christians are puppets infra Gods command.Ramachandran poses this question about free will Is your brain the real one in charge, making your free will only a post-hoc rationalization a delusion..? When a special experiment was underway, it was discovered that when a person was told to move their finger within the next ten minutes at their own free will, their brain would kick in almost a second before the actual willingness to move the finger. This make up the original question express above and brought on other questions as well. If this person is now shown the sieve displaying the point out from the EEG scanner hooked up to your brain, they can then see their free will.They will then take over three options 1) They will experience a sudden lack of will, feeling as though the machine is controlling them, making them feel like a puppet. 2) They will refuse to learn their belief of their free will to be altered nevertheless instead believe tha t the machine has almost paranormal precognition by which it is able to predict your movements accurately (Ramachandran 559-60). 3) The person will reconfigure the experience in their mind, and cling to their sense of freedom, denying what their eyes have seen as evidence and maintain that the sensation of will precedes the machines signal, not vice versa (Ramachandran 560). The point when the brain would kick in before the movement is called the bent potential.The readiness potential is what happens when there is a change in the electrical activity of the brain that occurs before the subjects conscious decision to move a muscle (medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com). Ramachandran believes that there is an inevitable neural delay before the signal arising in one part of the brain makes its way through the rest of the brain to deliver the messagenatural weft has ensured that the subjective sensation of willing to delay deliberately to coincide not with the onset of the brain c ommands further with the actual execution of the command by your finger (Ramachandran 560).Ramachandran is a firm believer in evolution, believe that the events must have some sort of evolutionary purpose. On one hand, he says, this experiment shows that free will is false and cannot be causing the brain events because the events kick in a second earlier. tho on the other hand, the pause must have some purpose, otherwise why would the delay have evolved (Ramachandran 560). Though these events have a purpose, evolutionary is not the answer.In Joshua 2415 it says Choose for yourselves this twenty-four hour period who you will serve, as for me and my household we will serve the LORD. God gives world a choice to fall Him and so free will is a gift from God as something to be accepted. Humans have the gift of God to reject or take the free gift that He offers. If humans really are descendants of apes, then when did the gift of free will come into the evolutionary chain of todays man kind? John 737 says Anyone who is thirsty whitethorn come to me. It is an offer. Not a demanding command. Anyone who is thirsty may come to me, shows us that God does not want us to be without his living water and without him, but it is our choice whether we choose to accept Gods free gift of salvation.When studying free will in the book of account and through works of literature like Vilayandur S. Ramachandran, there will always be people on both sides of the argument. Do we have control of our own destinies or are we merely puppets in Gods lusus naturae game of the world? My personal beliefs on the subject are as I have stated in this paper Though God has a control over the destiny of the world and for each one of our lives, he gives us a chance to make a decision to follow him or to repel the free gift of his son that he has offered to us. John 316 it says For God so love the world that he gave his only son that whoever believed in him would have eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.Works CitedJacobus, Lee A. A World Of Ideas. 8th ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2008. Print. The Free Dictionary. Medical Dictionary. Online source.http//medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/readiness+potential Bible. New Living Translation.

What Happened To School Food Essay Example for Free

What Happened To work Food EssayWhat happened to school food? I use to be excited for what was for lunch but to daylight I just hope it is something edible. Since I started high school the quality of our lunches has been on the decline. With Michelle Obamas National School Lunch Program now requiring less than three hundred calories per meal the school is losing m sensationy from students not eating and the students are losing fuel that their bodies fill to survive. Park Hill South should drop the National School Lunch Program and this is why. My first snub is the new amount of calories that can be in a lunch.Reducing the maximum amount of calories to 300 is ridiculous. The U. S. Department of Agriculture recommends that the average teenage boy consume between 2,400 and 2,800 calories per day. That means that provided if one eighth of your daily calories is in one of our school lunches. To some students lunch many be their only quality meal of the day and if its such a sm all amount of food they wint have enough energy to take a crap them through the day. Also athletes need to eat good, nutritionary food to give them enough energy for afterschool practices.Since they arent getting the amount of calories they need their performance entrust be decreased. My second issue is the overall quality of the food getting served. The food ranges from okay to disgusting, with almost on the lower end of the scale. Back when I was a freshman the pasta bar had a delicious breadstick that was as long as the tray and soft, but now after all the changes we get a little stubby piece of hard bread. Changes like that have been do for almost any meal that is served by the school. Since the quality of our food as gone down many students now add their lunch or dont eat at all.With fewer lunches being bought the school has to be losing a substantial amount of revenue. I went from eating around $4. 00 of food last year to only $0. 50 this year. If 25 students do the sa me thing thats a loss of $87. 50 per day The issue with school lunches need to be changed. If Park Hill South would leave the National School Lunch Program they would benefit greatly. From the happiness and health of the students to the boosts in money that will be made from better sales. I now it wont be done overnight but hopefully in the next few years they will decide to start making better food.

Assessment and grading criteria Essay Example for Free

Assessment and grading criteria EssayUnit 1 Fundamentals of ScienceAssessment and grading criteriaTo achieve a pass mug the endorse must luff that the learner is adequate to To achieve a merit grade the proof must show that, in addition to the pass criteria, the learner is able to To achieve a greenback grade the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass and merit criteria, the learner is able to P1 delimit the tell apart features of the biyearly table, elementic structure and chemical bonding M1brelate the key features of the hebdomadal table to the conclusions drawn from the pragmatical activities D1v apologise how standard solutions and titrations ar prepared in industry P2v install practically the ability to prepare chemical solutions and screen out their accuracysee moreanalyse factors that contribute to the well world of individualsScenarioYou are working as a scientist for Edvisprog a company producing visual aids for education. The team is currentl y working on a web-based chopine to help students control the key features of the periodic table and in classation to guide students to help the teaching and mind of the use of titrations. You have to produce word documents or powerpoint presentations that give provide the information for the web-based software.RememberDuring this (and separate assignments) credit cannot be given for a diagramcopied from the internet unless, (1) It is elongationd and (2) You have interpreted the diagram in some way, for physical exercise, added your own labels or further described the concept conveyed in the diagram. confinement 1 Chemical Bonding and the Periodic TableIn this task you have to describe atomic structure, outline the key features of the periodic table and describe chemical bondingDraw a diagram of a Calcium atom, label the key comp matchlessnts of the atom. P1iThe periodic table contains over 100 different elements in a specific order. Describe how the atoms in the periodic table are arranged. You depart need to make reference to (a) bases, (b) periods, (c) metals and non-metals, (d) solids/liquids/gases. Choose three different elements and explain why each is in a particular group / period P1iiIonic, covalent and hydrogen are the three main types of chemical bonding. Draw a serial of diagrams, with explanations to outline the process involved in each type. P1iii tax 2 Volumetric abbreviationThis task will require you to make a Standard Solution, this is a solution of known authority. You will make a solution of sodium carbonate. The strength of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is usually measured in moles. A one molar (1M) solution means one mole of substance (solute) per litre of solution. A mole is the molecular mass of a substance in grams.To calculate the molecular mass, the atomic large number of all the atoms in the molecule need to be added together. For example, the sodium carbonate molecule consists of one atom each of sodium (Na), carbon (C ), and oxygen (O). Their respective atomic weights are Na 23,C 12 and O 16, so the molecular weight, is 23 + 23+ 12 + 16 + 16 + 16 = 106. Thus 106 grams of Na2CO3 equals one mole of Na2CO3, and a 1 molar solution of Na2CO3will contain 106 grams of Na2CO3chemical, per litre of water.Using all the natural rubber measures required, make a Standard Solution of sodiumcarbonate. It can be any strength you manage (within reason) but you must know the strength exactly.This part of the task will be assessed by the teacher.P2iYou will now use your standard solution to calculate the strength of a sample of HCl (Hydrochloric Acid). cognitive process1. Rinse all equipment with distilled water2. Using a pipette add 25 cm3 of Na2CO3 to a conic flask3. Add 3 or 4 drops of phenolphthalein. The solution will turn pink. 4. Fill the buret with Hydrochloric acid.5. Add acid to the alkali, note how much acid is needed to neutralise the sodium carbonate, the solution will turn clear (to the nearest 1cm3) 6. Repeat the experiment a further three times, this time being accurate to 0.1 cm3 7. Take the average of the acid needed (from the three experiments in the previous step).P2iiCalculate the strength of the acid using the following informationNa2CO3 + HCl NaHCO3 + NaClAt equilibrium Moles of Na2CO3 = Moles of HCl (as they react in a 11 ratio)Molarity of HCl (moles per litre) x Volume of HCl (litres) = Molarity of Na2CO3 (moles per litre) x Volume of Na2CO3 (litres)Molarity of HCl (moles per litre) = Molarity of Na2CO3 (moles per litre) x Volume of Na2CO3 (litres or ml)Volume of HCl (litres or ml)P2iiiM1iTask 3 Further CalculationsThis task requires you to further understand and describe the molecular changes from the previous experiment. The experiment reacted Na2CO3 with HCl to make NaCl and H2O. 1. inform what makes HCl an acid/2. Explain what makes Na2CO3 an alkali, when dissolved in water? The diagram of Sodium carbonate may help you to explain this3. Why does the hydro gen (H) form a positive ion in a hydrochloric acid solution? 4. When acids and alkalis react they form a salt, explain why a salt (in this case NaCl) is a very stable compound? 5. Explain why Sodium is in group 1, period 3 and Chlorine is in group 7, period 3. M1iiExplain in detail how you prepared your base solution, including the calculations. D1iTask 4 Titrations in IndustryStandard solutions are used in the chemical industry to measure and check the strength of chemicals. One particular example is the conversion of WVO (waste vegetable oil) into biofuel for diesel engines. The pH of WVO needs to be altered so it is approximately 8.5, which is the kindred as normal diesel.Explain how the pH of WVO is measured in an industrial setting and why the pH must be accurately determined. The following websites may be usefulhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titrationhttp//alternativefuels.about.com/od/biodiesel/a/bdtitration.htm D1iiEdexcel direct 3 BTEC Nationals in Applied Science (Forensic Science)Name. Unit 01 Fundamentals of ScienceAssignment 01-01, Volumetric compendUnit 1 Fundamentals of ScienceAssessment and grading criteriaTo achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to To achieve a merit grade the evidence must show that, in addition to thepass criteria, the learner is able to To achieve a distinction grade the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass and merit criteria, the learner is able to P1outline the key features of the periodic table, atomic structure and chemical bonding M1relate the key features of the periodic table to the conclusions drawn from the practical activities D1explain how standard solutions and titrations are prepared in industry P2demonstrate practically the ability to prepare chemical solutions and test their accuracyMarking GridTask 1 Chemical Bonding and the Periodic TableP1iLabelled diagram of atomYes / NoP1iiKey features of periodic tableYes / NoP1iiiKey features of chemical bondingYes / NoFee dbackTask 2 Volumetric AnalysisP2iExperiment conducted safelyYes / NoP2iiBasic results from experiment obtainedYes / NoP2iii/M1iMolarity of HCl calculatedYes / NoFeedbackTask 3 Further CalculationsM1iiQuestions answered about acids, bases and the periodic table Yes / NoD1iExplained how standard solution was made, including calculations Yes / NoFeedbackTask 4 Titrations in IndustryD1iiDescribe the titration of WVO and the subsequent implications Yes / NoFeedbackCriteria AwardedP1P2M1D1 fittingStudent Response to FeedbackDate..View as multi-pages// oo++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16)return t,a=function(e)e=e.match(/Ss1,2/g)for(var t=,o=0o e.lengtho++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(eo,16))return t,d=function()return studymoose.com,p=function()var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocolif(p.indexOf(http)==0)return pfor(var e=0e

Parental Consent Abortion Essay Example for Free

Parental Consent Abortion EssayAbortionI. IntroductionA. Attention Grabber rhetorical question, story, quote, shock, scare, stats, allusion, and so forth Did you know that teenage girls are to a greater extent than 24 times more likely to die from pincerbirth than from first trimester legal miscarriage? B. Why audience should care Every girl is at jeopardy of getting pregnant, and if parental consent is the reason for childbirth the effects hurt mother and father. C. Background Info. consort to the encyclopedia of American law fertility rate went d experience bc. of abortion and birth control- By the 1870s, a womans right to make decisions around REPRODUCTION was restricted by federal and state of matter laws. -ABORTIONS , which increased markedly in the 1850s and 1860s, especially among middle-class white women, had been legal until the fetus quickened, or go inside the uterus. The -AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (AMA) and religious groups led the successful move to have st ate legislatures jaw criminal penalties on soulfulnesss performing abortions. In some states, women who had abortions could also be held criminally liable.(Progressive) D. Thesis Women under(a) the age of 18 should be allowed to nonplus an abortion without parental consent because every person controls their own body and forcible restriction can lead to drastic consequences.II. Need StepA. What is the enigma? Teenagers tactile property pressured to have the child because they have no right over their own body. If they dont get the proper serve they need problems may arise. The American Academy of Pediatrics also opposes parental-involvement laws Legislation mandating parental involvement does non achieve the int closing curtained benefit of promoting family communication but it does increase the risk of harm to the adolescent by arresting access to appropriate medical care. Minors should not be compelled or required to involve their parents in their decisions to obtain abor tions, although they should be encouraged to discuss their pregnancies with their parents and other responsible adults.(Naral) B. What is/are the cause(s)? Laws making clinics have parental cite/ judicial-bypass provisions fail to protect young women.C. How big a problem? It affects everybody, the parents, the child, and the family. -Approximately one-third of American women kick the bucket pregnant before the age of 20. -Twenty-five percent of teen mothers live below the federal poverty line. close to 80 percent of teen mothers eventually go on welfare. Teens that give birth also drop off a greater length of time receiving public assistancean average of three years drawn-out than older mothers through age 35. Teen mothers are also more likely to have unhorse family incomes later in life.(NARAL)D. What are the ill effects of this problem? Harmful to the teen, and teens future The American medical exam Association concluded in a 1992 pack that parental-consent and notice laws increase the gestational age at which the induced pregnancy termination occurs, thereby also increasing the risk associated with the procedure. Although a first or second trimester abortion is far safer than childbirth, the risk of complications significantly increases for each week that elapses after eight weeks. (Philip, Diana) A Toledo, Ohio judge denied a bypass for a 17-year-old, an A student who send offned to attend college and who testified she was not financially or emotionally prepared for college and motherhood at the same time, stating that the girl had not had enough embarrassing knocks in her life. (Philip, Diana)III. Satisfaction StepA. Solution(s) or steps age-appropriate health and sex education with medically dead-on(prenominal) discipline access to confidential health services, including family planning life-options programs that offer teens practical life skills and the motivation to delay sexual activity and programs for pregnant and parenting teens that te ach parenting skills and help ensure that teens finish school. B.Specific details on how this problem can be solved an emphasis should be placed on reducing teen pregnancy. C.Best plan or most important first stepAccess to health services, including family planning.A Pennsylvania study found that of the 60 judicial districts in the state, only eight were able to provide complete information about Pennsylvanias judicial-bypass procedure. Some county courts referred minors to anti-choice crisis pregnancy centers that typically provide false and misleading information about abortion and pressure women to carry their pregnancies to term. (Borgman, Caitlin). D. Reasons it is best or most important Lays foundation and protection for the child and teen.IV. Visualization StepA. The world will have less(prenominal) teenage births, less unsecured abortions and less children homeless and in poverty. B.If we do not solve this problem there will be more teen moms, poverty and unsafe abortions. With their parents guidance, more teenagers will choose childbirth over abortion (Philip) C.In countries where abortion is restricted like poland go abroad to the Netherlands, Germany and Austria for abortions.2 Women who are not lucky enough to live in environments such as the EU may be forced to go to foreign countries and undergo underground, unsafe abortions. (this house)V. ConclusionA. Minors should be allowed to obtain an abortion without parental consent because every person controls their own body and has the right to choose and restricting abortion can lead to drastic consequences. B. fostering about sex, family planning, and a bill that allows minors to recieve abortion without parental consent. C. Individuals can talk to their parents about their views on abortion and inform them that they have the right to choose. Individuals can also call your local congressman or write a letter informing them of the dangers of restricting abortion. D. In our everyday lives we can rec all how reinforcement in the U.S. is a blessing and our freedoms can not be taken away from us. We must remember that every women has a right to their body and giving birth is not the only way to end the suffering of an unwanted pregnancy.

Green Telecommunications Reducing Opex And Capex Engineering Essay

Green telecoms lessen Opex And Capex Engineering EssayIn the last 10 years, roving and wireless communications pass seen howling(a) growth. The growth in the electronic networks along with fierce competition has led the telecom agents to focus on logistics, protective covering and prices. Since each operator competes to volunteer the customer the best service possible at minimum price, trim in act(p) cost is of prime importance. In addition, environment has in addition become a major replication worldwide affecting most of the telecom operators. Legislative pressures and the say-so for Carbon trading revenues atomic number 18 causation the Mobile Telecommunications pains to become mindful of its impact on carbon paper emissions. Green statuss ar coming into prominence in network physical body. This paper discusses discordant eco- pally responses in network design to annul carbon dioxide emissions leading to reduction in Operating Expense (OPEX) and Capit al Expense (CAPEX).IntroductionTelecommunication Industry has divine serviceed the world in a big way to reduce carbon emissions by reducing supererogatory business proceed, modify talent of freight transport and other logistics. The carbon footprint of a mobile ph wizard c completely or video conferencing is thousand quantifys smaller than the environmental impact of travel required for personal meeting.However, hurry these telecommunication systems overly creates a saddle on the environment bestow to ab expose 0.5% of global carbon emissions. Though, this is much less as compared to the other industries, it has brought in a rophy of criticism from various environmental agencies and green campaigners. In addition, motiveing these systems puzzle outs up half of a telecom operators operating costs and with susceptibility prices rising, these expenses are hurting the profits of the operators. The only solution for the Telecom Operators to jump out of this situation is to adopt Green Technology in the networks. This impart non only reduce the OPEX and CAPEX of operators well but too lead to cogency-efficient and self-sustainable telecommunications systems.Energy Concerns for Telecom OperatorsToday, around 50% of the operating costs of a network comp whatsoever goes into electricity. With electricity prices rising, it is eating a rophy into the revenues earned by these network companies. The various network elements that give to these costs are the Radio bastardly move, the equipments used in the network and the meshwork of connecting cables required to interconnect Fixed-Line operations. Out of these, Radio Base Stations account for two-thirds of the index number costs with the equipments world the second largest contributor. Along with increasing costs due to excessive power utilization, network operators in any case contribute signifi seattly to the carbon emissions.In order to overcome these issues, the operators must assure at ma turation sustainable network solutions. The following steps much(prenominal) as developing energy-efficient products and skylarks, creating energy-efficient site solutions, designing energy optimized networks and harnessing re blood sources of energy rear armed service pave the way for telecommunication operators towards sustainable growth.Developing energy-efficient products and featuresMany network equipment providers these old age beat developed or are in the process of developing products that are eco-friendly. unconnected from this, many new features are also being developed so as to minimize energy consumption during operations. Ericsson, Nokia south Networks and Motorola are some of the signifi give the sackt contributors to this new generation of energy-efficient products.Ericsson has developed an innovative design for ho utilize Radio Base Stations called the Ericsson Tower Tube. The Tower is made from concrete which has a get environmental impact than traditiona l steel, consuming up to 40 percent less power from a life cycle perspective. This is due to the fact that concrete results in less energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission than steel during production and transport. However, the most important part is that during operation, eater losses are intimately reduced, and no active cool system is conveyed. Thus, adopting a solution like this, helps operators to not only reduce their construction and power costs but also reduce their capital expenditure as active modify units are not required.Nokia sulphur Networks, on the other hand, has developed the award-winning Flexi Multiradio Base Station. The unique potential of much(prenominal)(prenominal) a Base Station is that it behind support all the 3GPP technologies i.e. GSM/EDGE and WCDMA/HSPA to LTE in a single unit with all running simultaneously. This technique of running multiple radio technologies in a single Base Station leads to multiple advantages for operators such as reduced OPEX from fewer site visits, simplify logistics, reduced maintenance and a smaller requirement for trained staff. In addition, this concept burn also reduce the carbon footprint of a single Base Station by 70% which corresponds to close to 70 GWh of annual energy saving. Another important advantage is that it is only 20% of the size and weight subdue of a conventional install station leading to reduction in the carbon footprint from expatriate and installation. Due to reduced size, it is possible to install base station in places previously considered impossible such as densely populated urban areas so saving space, installation time and costs. Flexi, as it is called, has been knowing so that it bum function even without external air conditioning, thus reducing around 30% in site energy consumption. Its other prominent features like software-based capacity and capability upgrades further help in reduction of operating expenses as Flexi can be controlled via remot e software whereas conventional base stations require site visits and sometimes hardware replacements. Furthermore, the Flexi Base Station can work on renewable energy such as solar or wind power. Like other Nokia Siemens Networks products, Flexi has been designed so as to facilitate ease of cycle at end of its life. This also helps exploit the various end-of-life problems that many operators face.Apart from hardware products, new software technology can also help to improve energy efficiency of base stations. Ericsson provides the Base Transceiver Station Power Savings feature composition Nokia Siemens has its NetAct Service Quality Manager (SQM).Ericsson has introduced the new Base Transceiver Station Power Savings feature in many of its base stations across the world. Due to this feature, during low-traffic periods, the radio resources of the network that are reinvigorated are put into Stand-By mode, thus lowering energy consumption. Depending on the network traffic patterns, this feature can reduce 25% of energy consumption. The added advantage of this innovation is that it can be installed in any of Ericssons actual Base Stations by a mere software upgrade. Thus, if this feature is installed in all the existing Ericsson Base Stations, it can reduce carbon emissions by 1 million tons a year.The Nokia Siemens Networks NetAct Service Quality Manager (SQM) is used to provide better control of BTS power settings. The night time power saving feature allows an operator to set a time when traffic prioritization is enabled in the network. NetAct SQM volition control the operation automatically according to pre-configured settings, such as Schedule and BSC/BTS list. By using such a feature, a network operator with around 10,000 base station sites can potentially maintain the average energy consumption of 1000 households per year. Translating this into monetary values would suggest an estimated 5,000,000 annual savings in OPEX, an estimate which naturally d epends on the marketplace.Designing Energy Optimized NetworksAnother key aspect for network operators to look into is energy-efficient network design and planning. More a lot than not, operators tend to design networks with as many as Base Stations in order to provide maximum coverage and signal strength. However, by taking into consideration the challenge of providing almost the selfsame(prenominal) come in of coverage with less number of base stations can help telecommunication operators achieve optimization in their networks. With optimized networks, the operating costs of operators can come down drastically as the number of base stations can be reduced by 30% 50%.Now, a sustainable network has its foundation in good design. At the core of any efficient and sustainable network is good design. Without doubt, the best way to achieve an optimized, energy-efficient network is to build it on good foundations, based on sound design principles. Even if a company achieves energy effi ciency at the component level it does not mean that it can make up for an inefficiently designed network, in which the number of radio sites could potentially be double than what it needs to be to achieve the same coverage with the same quality. By hiring experienced network designers to become elusive from the start of the design process, operators can typically reduce the number of radio sites needed overall by between 30 and 50 per cent.Energy-Efficient On-Site SolutionsThere are many areas on-site where energy efficiency can be achieved. By adopting certain ingenious and innovative solutions, a lot of unnecessary energy wastage can be avoided and thus costs can be reduced.One of the main causes of power consumption on-site is the air-conditioning required for cooling the telecom shelters that contain the radio equipments. These air-conditioning units consume anywhere between 1200W 2000W. However, with recent developments, the radio base stations can endure high temperatures t hus enabling new cooling techniques to be used. One solution is to fill horniness exchangers which can efficiently transfer heat from one medium to another. Thus the heat give wayd by using the Radio Base Stations can be captured by the heat exchangers and transferred to the water kept outside in a tank. This method of heat removal can help maintain temperatures 20oF to 15oF less than ambient. Also, it does not require any power source as heat is dissipated by means of natural convection. This method can be used in dry regions mainly in North-Western India. Another innovative solution that can be used in tropical regions is Phase flip Materials (PCM). These help in maintaining temperatures in the shelters between 20oC to 35oC without use of any air conditioning system. Thus, implementing innovative solutions for cooling telecom shelters, a telecom operator not only reduces its OPEX (due to reduced energy costs) but also CAPEX by minimizing the amount spent on equipment needed f or cooling.Another area where power can be conserved is by minimising the Feeder losses. This can be established by placing the Radio Base Stations closer to the antenna. Since feeder loss is minimised, it helps in improved network coverage and capacity. This, in turn, helps the operator to reduce the number of RBS in the region leading to network optimization. The Ericsson Tower Tube discussed above implements this solution in an efficient manner. The tower consists of an elevator. The base stations are installed at the rear end of the tower and then get up by the elevator to top where they are operated. Thus by being close to the antenna the feeder loss decreases.Harnessing Alternative Sources of EnergyWith conventional energy prices rising, operating telecom networks is becoming very difficult for the operators. The rising operating costs are affecting the bottom lines of the network operators. Apart from this, in that respect are various sites which are beyond the reach of e lectricity or have unrock-steady electricity provision. Thus, operators need to set up diesel powered base stations in these regions. However, regular maintenance and re sackling the diesel becomes a very costly affair. In order to overcome these issues, a single solution is on hand(predicate) at hand i.e. harnessing alternative sources of energy to power the telecommunication systems. There are various renewable energy sources that can be used efficiently these days. This includes Solar, sex, Bio displaces, displace Cells etc.SolarAs the cost of Solar technology extends to fall, it is becoming a very popular technology to be used as primary power source for various base stations. Though the initial capital expense (CAPEX) is higher for a solar-powered site, however, over a period of 5 years the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for such a site is 30% less than a conventionally powered site. Also the life twosome of a solar powered BS is higher than a usual BS, thus in the longer run the network operators can reap more benefit out of this solution. A key menstruation in using Solar technology is also the fact that its maximum outputs align with the maximum load on the telecom networks. In other words, the peak of mobile phone calls overlaps with the peak of solar power and at night when the mobile phone usage tends to drop, the solar power switches to battery phase.Solar energy can be prominently used to its best effect by regions coming in the equatorial sun-belt. And this is where most of the emerging markets, like India and China are located. Thus network operators in these markets can right away adopt solar technology and reduce their OPEX by huge amounts. With the extensive competition in these markets, an operator adopting this technology can forget about the power related costs of the OPEX and focus on improving customer satisfaction.Major network solution providers like Motorola, Ericsson and Nokia Siemens have developed various techniques to prov ide solar technologies to various network operators.Ericsson has developed a special Radio Base Station (RBS) for solar power called SunSite. A typical RBS requires 142 W of power 110W the RBS itself, 20W transmission equipment and 12W Obstruction lights. Thus, Ericsson developed a solar system that can provide this much amount of power. The first solar powered site delivered by Ericsson was in the year 2000. Since then it has delivered 200 SunSites in various countries. Now that Ericsson has also developed energy-efficient RBS, sites have become more energy-lean. As a result, the large solar panels are no more used. kind of small solar panels are effective enough to provide the required amount of power. This is reducing the costs for setting up SunSites and thereby reducing CAPEX for the operators. A very good example in movement of Ericsson Sunsite was the set up for Telekom Indonesia which was a 100% solar powered site. The SunSite helped Telekom Indonesia reduce its energy con sumption by 60% and also made the site almost maintenance free. This led to decrease in power costs, fuel costs and maintenance cost leading to reduction of 40% in the OPEX.Nokia Siemens has also developed its Renewable Energy Source (RES) Autonomous site solutions. It provides various options like Standalone Solar Sites, Solar-Wind hybridizing sites and sites with a combination of Solar-Diesel Generator. Motorola has also recently developed its solar solutions under the name Horizon II DC Macro/Mini BTS.WindWind is a plentiful resource across all regions of the world with varying degrees of intensity albeit considerably stronger in coastal regions. The main drawback to wind energy is the reliableness of the source which is the main reason we do not use wind as a measurement power source. Coupled with solar energy and the reserves in battery bank storage, wind does continue to provide an abundant, free-to-use, easy to access and environmentally friendly means of supplying power fo r the Autonomous Sites.Wind turbines can be placed in different configurations at the site. An early site analysis will determine the ideal turbine configuration as well as the correct direction and height to maximize the energy output from the turbines. Moreover, many governments offer tax benefits and direct subsidies for wind and solar energy expenditures reservation wind an ideal solution in most situations. Wind power has very low operation expenditure.BioFuelsBiofuels are liquid fuels that are derived from plant materials. These fuels are entering into the market, driven by factors such as fuel price rise, reducing carbon emissions and the need for increased energy security.Ericsson has pioneered the use of biofuels in telecoms. For instance, Ericsson, fancy Cellular and the GSM Association Development Fund have launched several base stations powered by locally produced biofuels to extend Ideas commercial mobile network in rural India. They are being deployed at greenfield s ites that have not previously had access to a mobile network and are located in areas with unreliable power supply. The biodiesel for these base stations comes from used cooking oils from restaurants. Idea currently has 23 sites running on biodiesel in India, and hopes to expand this to 40 to 50 sites. In the long term, it is expected that locally produced genus Jatropha oil will be used, as soon as this is available in sufficient quantities. The selected sources for biodiesel have low environmental impact and follow responsible environmental practices for the production of biodiesel.Fuel CellsFuel prison cells are also being developed so as to efficiently use them as a source of energy for telecom networks. In recent years, a lot of improvement has been done in the Fuel Cell technology which has led to many benefits over generators such as fuel efficiency, climate resistance, reliable start-up, and compact size. They operate at very low noise levels. Due to this, there is no attr ibute of a power source running on the site and hence reducing the likelihood of theft also. With development, fuel cells are being manufactured in great numbers due to which its cost have come down considerably as compared to engine driven fuel cells.Operation of a fuel cell is to convert any fuel, like Hydrogen into electricity without combustion. There are several types of fuel cells, of which the most useful telecommunications is the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The PEMFC operates at low temperatures and runs at 40-60% efficiency.Motorola, which is involved in fuel cell research for networks and mobile devices, is also exploring micro fuel cell technologies as a replacement for rechargeable batteries in mobile devices. In fusion with various companies, Motorola is developing technologies such asHybrid fuel cell technologies for radiosA hydrogen generator as a toy fuel-cell power source5Improving PEM fuel cell performance, durability, and manufacturability using single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs)Fuel cell technology is maturing and advancing rapidly. However, a disadvantage for fuel cells is that at higher loads, cooling is required. Thus a trade-off has to be made in reducing the OPEX due to low operating costs for using fuel cells and increasing CAPEX due to extra cooling units required.End-of-life SolutionsTechnology, today, is changing so rapidly that in a very short span time the network equipment becomes old and needs upgradation. In these situations, network operators often feel pressurized to ostracise old equipment and set up the latest one. However, this can create a lot of strain on the OPEX and CAPEX and also have a negative impact on the environment.Thus, the network equipments providers these days provide solutions to cater to the end-of-life scenarios as well. Nokia Siemens provides Asset recovery Service which is based on recycling of old equipment and refurbishment of existing network elements.There are two modules in the Asset Recovery Service. Recycling Service module looks into the proper waste disposal of old equipments in an environment friendly manner. The Refurbishment Service Module looks into the upgradation or extension of lifetime of existing network equipments.The benefits to the customers include trim obsolescence cost Development of new technology is always good for the industry. However, the problem is the piling of obsolete equipment. development Asset Recovery Service, the obsolete inventory can be converted into useful, re-usable equipment.Environmentally Responsible memory access Due to tight regulations regarding disposal, it creates a problem for the companies to get rid of old elements. Thus, this service helps customer to dispose in an environmentally sound manner.OPEX and CAPEX savings By reducing warehousing cost for obsolete inventory, OPEX can be saved. Also due to the Refurbishment Service, the need to spend on new equipments reduces, thus CAPEX can also be saved. Carbon CreditsBy reducing their carbon emissions, telecom operators can also exchange them for carbon impute. One carbon credit is equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide. And one carbon credit is priced in the markets at around 22 Euros (price fluctuates according to market).This concept of carbon credits is very favourable for companies operating in the developing countries as according to Kyoto Protocol, there is no bar on these companies to limit their emissions. However, all the developed countries (except US as it has not signed the Kyoto Protocol) have to bounce their emissions by 2012. They can achieve this by either implementing new technology to reduce their emissions or by helping companies in the developing countries to reduce their emissions and buying the carbon credits that are obtained.As there is a very huge scope for reduction of carbon emissions in the Telecommunications industry, all operators in developing countries can immensely benefit from carbon credits . Also, as the deadline year 2012 nears, it is expected that there will be a surge in the demand of these carbon credits and hence the price of one carbon credit will also increase. Thus, if the telecom operator companies act quickly to reduce their carbon emissions, they can accumulate carbon credits now and reap the benefits in the future. Hence, implementing Green solutions in their networks, will not only benefit the network operators to reduce their OPEX and CAPEX but also act as means to generate more revenue.ConclusionAs the World moves towards Greener solutions, it has not only reduced the carbon emissions but has also helped to provide ample new opportunities for business. As we have seen in this paper, network operators have ample amount of opportunities to reduce their OPEX and CAPEX.By using energy efficient products and features, optimizing networks, smart innovative energy-saving solutions and powering Telecommunication systems with renewable sources of energy, the Tel ecommunication network operators can reduce their power consumption by 50% 70%. This can in turn lead to proportional reduction in the energy costs. As the energy costs make up for around 50% of the OPEX, the operators can drastically reduce their operating expenditure and improve the bottom line of their companies. This also gives operators a chance to venture into new markets, provide better services for their customer and also come up with innovative cost-effective schemes to retain their customers.Adopting green methods, also leads to reduction in the CAPEX as has been discussed in the above topics. Though, the initial investment in Eco-friendly solutions is higher, the reduction in energy consumption and costs brings the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) much less than in conventional networks.With tremendous potential for curbing CO2 emissions, Telecommunication operators can also generate a lot of revenue by using their Carbon Credits. In India, Bharti Airtel is one of the opera tors, who has entered into the carbon credit venture with partner ACME Telepower. This partnership has brought about $30- $40 million revenue to the both companies involved. Hence, Carbon trade is also another major incentive for the operator s to adopt environment friendly solutions within their networks.